Mount Damavand, the
tallest volcano in Asia, is a symbol of pride and an iconic peak in Iran. Nestled within the Alborz mountain range in northern Iran, it soars to an astounding 5,671 meters (18,606 feet) above sea level, commanding attention near the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. With its perfectly symmetrical cone and majestic presence, Damavand is a dream destination for hikers and trekkers, offering a thrilling and rewarding adventure for outdoor enthusiasts.
Damavand
Highest Peak in the Middle East 5671m, 18,605 ft
Highest volcano in Asia and the second highest volcano in North Hemisphere
Mount Damavand: Iran’s Majestic Natural and Cultural Icon
Located in the Alborz Mountain Range near the Caspian Sea and just 80 km northeast of Tehran, Damavand stands as Iran’s highest volcano and one of Asia’s most prominent natural landmarks. With its nearly perfect conical shape and a snow-capped peak visible from up to 250 km away on clear days, Damavand not only impresses with its geological grandeur but also holds deep cultural significance in Persian mythology, symbolizing endurance and strength.
Damavand Mountain, Iran
A Hub for Adventure and Photography
Damavand Peak attracts adventurers and nature lovers alike. Whether trekking, climbing, or skiing, visitors can choose from a variety of Damavand roues, from the well-established southern trail ideal for beginners to more challenging northern and western paths suited for experienced climbers. The ascent, which typically takes between two to five days, offers dramatic views of the Alborz Mountains, green valleys, and even glimpses of the Caspian Sea on clear days. Photographers find the mountain a paradise, with its ever-changing light at sunrise and sunset, diverse flora and fauna, and striking volcanic features providing endless inspiration.
The Beauty of Mount Damavand, Iran
Diverse Landscapes and Surrounding Wonders
The ecological diversity of Damavand is remarkable. Its slopes transition from temperate forests at lower elevations to a harsh alpine environment near the summit, enhanced by features such as sulfuric vents and glaciers like Yakhar, Sioleh, and Dobi Sel. The unique climate shaped by the moisture from the Caspian Sea on one side and the arid plateau on the other creates a mosaic of lush landscapes and rugged terrains. Beyond the peak itself, the surrounding region offers additional attractions: the Larijan Thermal Hot Springs provide a soothing retreat after a long day’s hike, and Lar National Park, with its vibrant wildflowers, flowing rivers, and panoramic vistas, is perfect for picnics, wildlife watching, and further exploration.
Mount Damavand Iran
Geological Significance and Ongoing Debate
Standing at an altitude of 5,670 meters (18,600 feet) with a topographic prominence of 4,667 meters (15,312 feet), Volcano Damavand is officially recognized as Asia’s highest volcano and ranks 12th in prominence worldwide. While some debate persists regarding its classification amid comparisons with other peaks, Damavand’s status as a natural marvel continues to intrigue both the scientific community and outdoor enthusiasts.
A Destination for All
From its challenging climbs and breathtaking landscapes to its rich cultural heritage and ecological diversity, Mount Damavand offers an unforgettable experience for adventurers, photographers, and nature lovers. Whether you are drawn to its volcanic majesty or the serene beauty of its surroundings, Damavand remains a true natural treasure of Iran, inviting visitors to explore, experience, and be inspired by its enduring splendor.
Mount Damavand Iran Facts And Info
Damavand Mountain Facts & Figures
A concise fact and figures for Damavand in Iran, covering general information, key facts and tips.
A detailed overview of Mount Damavand, highlighting its impressive physical attributes and its status as the highest peak in Iran and a key member of the
Volcanic Seven Summits. It covers essential practical details such as its location near Tehran, the available climbing routes, and nearby airports, while also noting its dormant volcanic activity and historical eruption timeline. Additionally, the description touches on Damavand's cultural significance in Persian literature and its symbolic representation of resilience and strength, making it a comprehensive guide for trekkers and nature enthusiasts.
Read Mount Damavand Facts Show
Quick Facts about Damavand
Here are some key details about Mount Damavand:
Damavand Volcanic Age: The mountain took shape during the Holocene Epoch, approximately 10,000 years ago.
Damavand Volcanic Eruptions: Its most recent eruption dates back around 7,300 years.
Damavand Features: Notable characteristics include its steep snowcapped cone, a modest crater, some glaciers, fumaroles, hot springs, and travertine deposits.
Damavand Climate: The climate around Mount Damavand is characterized as humid continental, with distinct seasonal variations. Summers tend to be hot, winters cold, while springs and autumns offer cooler temperatures. On average, the mountain experiences an annual temperature of 9.6°C.
Damavand Cultural Significance: Mount Damavand holds profound cultural significance in Persian folklore and mythology, featuring prominently in various legends. According to Persian lore, it is revered as a sacred mountain and is even mentioned as the legendary resting place of Noah's ark.
Wild Life Protection: Recognizing its ecological importance, the Iranian government has designated Mount Damavand as a protected wildlife zone.
Damavand Research: Mount Damavand has attracted scientific attention, with endeavors such as a study conducted by the University of Tehran focusing on the impact of climate change on the mountain's glaciers.
It's the tallest peak in Iran and the Middle East, located in the Alborz mountain range. Damavand Volcano has a snow-covered summit and is a popular destination for hikers and climbers. There are four well-known hiking routes, each offering a different experience.
Hiking Trekking Mount Damavand Iran
Best starting points for the trek include Polour camp for south and west routes, and Nandal Camp for north and northeast routes. The easiest trekking route is the south side in summer, considered basic mountaineering. The west route is a moderate climbing route, considered basic trekking. The north-east side, Gazaneh trail, is the longest hiking route. The north face is the most challenging climbing route, involving scramble climbing and steep terrain.
Discover the best information for hiking Damavand Mountain in Iran and experience an amazing trekking adventure on one of the world's Volcanic Seven Summits (V7S). As the pinnacle of Iran, this majestic mountain is a top destination for trekking enthusiasts. If you're drawn to the rich history, breathtaking nature, and warm hospitality of Iran, Damavand is a must-visit.
Volcano Damavand is the tallest and inactive volcano in Iran, resembling Japan's Mount Fuji but even larger. Its snowy white peak, surrounded by regular clouds, is considered the most beautiful view in Iran. This majestic volcano has remained dormant throughout recorded history, making it an extinct and peaceful natural wonder. Lower down its slopes, like in Larijan village, there are Damavand hot springs, and at the summit, there's a crater filled with yellow sulfurous rocks and pumice stones.
Volcanic Activity Damavand Volcano, Iran
The Main Vent of the Volcano Located on the Sout Route near Summit Crater
Damavand Info
Situated at 5400-5500 meters, Damavand poses a challenge for climbers due to sulfuric gas. Its towering height offers a panoramic view of mountains and valleys covering hundreds of square kilometers. The Alborz Mountains surround Damavand, extending north towards the Caspian Sea plain and south into the deserts of central Iran. As the highest peak in Iran and the Middle East, Damavand holds significance, especially for travelers journeying from Europe towards Iran.
Damavand Volcano, a stunning natural wonder in Iran, rises to 5,671 meters and ranks as the third-highest volcano globally in the Volcanic Seven Summits (V7S), claiming the title of the tallest volcano in Asia. Nestled in the Alborz mountain range, this active stratovolcano has been dormant for thousands of years, with its formation dating back over 1.78 million years. The volcano's cone-shaped peak, often covered in snow, offers a captivating sight, complemented by natural hot springs like the popular Larijan SPA. Damavand's rich geological history and breathtaking scenery make it a cherished landmark in Iran.
Ancient Persia is now known as Iran in the modern era. Beyond marveling at Iran's ancient history and architecture, it's important not to overlook the country's stunning natural beauty. Mount Damavand, the highest peak in Iran, stands proudly as a top destination for hiking and trekking. However, the true highlight is the warm hospitality of the people, creating a welcoming atmosphere. To discover more about Mount Damavand hiking and trekking, check out the Damavand trekking tour, offering information on routes, difficulty levels, necessary gear, and reliable tour operators. This resource is invaluable for planning your trip and ensuring a safe adventure.
Environmental problems are the bane of Damavand
There is no choice but for hikers, NGOs and local people to come together and think together to solve Damavand environmental problems. Damavand Mountain is the familiar name of Iran and mythology of our thousands of years of culture, which is a magnificent heritage for all of us, but this precious natural heritage, which is the national symbol of Iran, is now quite difficult due to environmental problems. Damavand Volcano is the highest peak of Iran in the middle of central Alborz, which in 2002, with the approval of the Supreme Council of the Environment, joined the collection of areas under the management of the EPA as a national natural effect, but today it is faced with many environmental problems and challenges that the lovers of this field believe that by inserting the national day of Damavand in the official calendar of the country, more attention is paid to this unique natural phenomenon. And of course, no action has been taken so far ...
Mount Damavand
A Journey through Geography, Culture, and Adventure
Mount Damavand, as part of the Volcanic Seven Summits, poses a unique challenge for climbers aiming to conquer the highest volcanoes on each continent. The region's geography, defined by the Alborz Mountains and captivating Cap Clouds, adds to the mystique of Damavand.
Iran Holidays and Trekking Tours
Iran, with its rich cultural heritage, is becoming a sought-after holiday destination. Holidays in Iran offer a blend of history, adventure, and natural wonders. Trekking tours to Damavand, organized during Iranian holidays, allow visitors to immerse themselves in the beauty of the Alborz Mountains.
Cultural Significance and Maps
Damavand holds cultural significance in Iran, evident in expressions like "If there were no Alborz mountain range, what would happen?" emphasizing its integral role in the nation's identity. Maps, including "The Alborz and Zagros mountain ranges on the map," guide trekkers and climbers through the stunning landscapes.
Damavand Facts and Exploration
Exploring Damavand involves uncovering facts about its height, status as the highest peak in the Middle East, and geographical location. The quest for knowledge leads adventurers to maps, factsheets, and Damavand trekking tours for a comprehensive understanding of this natural wonder.
Future Expeditions and Challenges
As interest in trekking, climbing, and skiing in Iran grows, the challenges and opportunities presented by Damavand remain at the forefront. Whether it's the allure of the mountain tale in Iran or the prospect of conquering the elevation, Damavand promises future expeditions filled with excitement and triumph.
In conclusion, Mount Damavand is not merely a geographic wonder but a testament to human determination and the allure of nature's grandeur. As climbers gear up, skiers descend, and adventurers embark on Damavand tours, the tallest volcano in Asia continues to stand tall, inviting explorers to experience its majesty firsthand.
Mount Damavand, Iran
Is Volcano Damavand Asia's Highest Volcano?
Mount Damavand, standing at 5,670 meters (18,600 feet) with a topographic prominence of 4,667 meters (15,312 feet), is officially recognized as Asia’s tallest volcano and ranks as the 12th most prominent peak worldwide. However, recent debates question this status, with some sources such as Volcanolive and Summitpost suggesting that peaks in the Kunlun Mountains of Tibet might be taller. These discussions center on the definition of a "true volcano," typically one with a prominence exceeding 1,000 feet (305 meters). Despite the controversy, Mount Damavand remains a prominent natural landmark and a fascinating subject of ongoing geological inquiry.
Volcano Damavand, Iran
Mount Damavand Flora and Fauna: A Diverse Ecosystem
Mt. Damavand hosts a rich variety of plant and animal life, shaped by its diverse climates and unique geography. On the lower slopes, a mild, wet climate nurtures lush vegetation including juniper trees, wildflowers, and shrubs, which burst into vibrant colors during spring and early summer. As elevation increases, the environment becomes harsher and vegetation sparse, favoring resilient alpine plants and grasses.
The animal life on Damavand Mountain is equally diverse. In the lower and middle regions, wildlife such as wild goats, foxes, hares, various birds (including eagles, hawks, and songbirds), as well as reptiles and amphibians, are commonly observed. Higher altitudes host fewer creatures due to extreme conditions, though rare species like wolves and brown bears, along with insects and small mammals, can still be found. This varied ecosystem beautifully illustrates how flora and fauna adapt to different climates and altitudes, adding to the mountain's natural allure.
Natural Beauty of Mount Damavand
Volcano Damavand vs. Volcano Fuji: A Comparative Overview
Mount Damavand in Iran and Mount Fuji in Japan are two iconic volcanoes with distinct characteristics. Damavand, standing at over 5,670 meters, is the highest peak in the Middle East and a dormant volcano that has not erupted in over 7,000 years. It is celebrated for its challenging slopes, majestic presence, and cultural significance in Persian mythology and literature.
In contrast, Mount Fuji, at 3,776 meters, is slightly shorter but one of the most famous peaks worldwide. As an active volcano with its last eruption in the early 1700s, Fuji is not only a popular climbing destination but also a profound cultural symbol in Japan, deeply embedded in its art, culture, and religion.
Despite these differences, both mountains are revered for their natural beauty, offer unique climbing experiences, and provide insights into the geological and cultural histories of their respective nations.
Mount Fuji, Japan
Mount Fuiji Lenticular Cloud Cap
Fuji or Damavand: This is the Question!
A popular internet image often mistaken by some Iranians as depicting Mt Damavand is, in fact, a picture of Japan's Mount Fuji. The presence of a lake and a town at the mountain’s base features not found near Damavand clearly indicates that the image is of Mount Fuji, which stands at 3,776 meters.
Both Mount Fuji and Damavand share a striking symmetrical cone shape, leading to frequent confusion between the two. Often referred to as the "little sister" of Damavand due to their similar profiles, these majestic volcanoes are celebrated in their respective countries and continue to captivate admirers worldwide despite their distinct geographical and cultural identities.
Mount Damavand Lenticular Cloud Cap
Damavand Iran is in the center of Iranian myths. This well-known mountain has a particular place in Iranian tale, myth, fable and legend. Arash, the Archer (in Farsi آرش کمانگیر Āraš-e Kamāngīr) is a heroic archer of the Iranian mythology. The name Arash is one of the most popular in the Farsi-speaking world. The legend "Arash Kamangir" put all his force and life energy in drawing a powerful bow to transferred to an arrow, a shot which flew a very long distance …
Read More about Damavand Myth Show
Damavand Myth 1
Mount Damavand holds a special place in Iranian mythology, particularly in the story of Arash the Archer (Āraš-e Kamāngīr). To resolve a border dispute between Persia and Turan, Arash, a courier, was chosen to shoot an arrow from Mount Damavand's summit. He sacrificed his life by putting all his strength into the shot, launching the arrow eastward. The arrow's remarkable flight ended near the Amu Darya River (also known as the Oxus River, with some accounts placing the landing spot on Mount Juannont), defining the new border. Arash perished after this heroic act, and his body was never recovered. He's remembered as a symbol of self-sacrifice for his homeland, and some climbers even claim to hear his voice on Damavand, adding to the mountain's mystical aura.
The "Arash tree" and surrounding area are said to be named in his honor. While the details of his story are mythical, Arash is considered a historical figure due to his lasting presence in Persian culture and historical records.
Other Names and spellings
Āraš-e Kamāngīr, Arash Kamangir, Arash/Aarash Kaman-gir, Arash the Archer, Âraŝ the Archer, Arash Kamangi, Arash Tirandaz.
Alborz Mountains, Iran
Zahhak: The Dragon King of Persia
Damavand Myth 2
Mount Damavand is a famous volcano in Iran, known for its high peak and the smoke and gas it releases. This mountain is important in Persian legends and appears in many ancient stories.
One of the most famous myths is about Zahhak, a cruel king who ruled Persia long ago. According to Ferdowsi’s epic Shahnameh, Zahhak was an evil ruler with snakes growing from his shoulders. These snakes had to be fed with human brains, which caused great suffering for the people.
A brave hero named Fereydun decided to stop Zahhak. He gathered an army, defeated the cruel king, and captured him. But instead of killing him, Fereydun tied Zahhak in heavy chains and locked him inside a deep cave on Mount Damavand. Legend says that Zahhak is still trapped inside the mountain, trying to escape. Some people believe that the smoke and rumbling from the volcano are signs of his struggle.
Mount Damavand is more than just a mountain it is a symbol of strength and victory in Persian culture. It represents the fight against evil and the power of good to win in the end.
Damavand Volcano
Photo Ardeshir Soltani
آرش تیرانداز
آرش تیرانداز جنگاوری از سپاه منوچهر یکی از اسطورههای کهن ایرانی و همچنین نام شخصیت اصلی این اسطورهاست.
آرش کمانگیر پس از پایان جنگ ایران و توران به عنوان کماندار ایرانی برای تعیین مرز ایران و توران برگزیده شد و بر فراز کوه دماوند رفت و و با تمام توان تیری را به سوی کوه «خوانونت» در خاور رها کرد. فارسی زبانِان کشور ترکستان معتقدند که این تیر در درخت گردویی در آن سرزمین فرود آمده که آن را «درخت آرش» مینامند و به همین دلیل کوه افراسیاب و درهٔ شینگان را که در کنار آن است «مرز ایران و توران» میخوانند.
آرش شخصیتی اسطورهای ـ تاریخی است. اسطورهای است چون به زمانی تعلق دارد که امروزه هنوز ماهیت زمانی و مکانی آن مشخص نیست، و نیز از آنرو که زندگی و مرگش در ابهام است. و تاریخی است چون طی دو هزار سال گذشته مردمان پارسی زبان به او باور داشتهاند و در بسیاری از منابع تاریخی از او یاد شده است.
نام های دیگر آرش تیر انداز
آرش کمانگیر، آرش کمانکش، آرش تیرانداز، آرش شیواتیر، اِرِخْشَه و به زبان پهلوی اِرَش شیپاکتیر،
آرش کماندار،
از آن خوانند آرش را کمانگیر -- که از ساری بمرو انداخت یک تیر
ترا زیبد نه آرش را سواری -- که صدفرسنگ بگذشتی ز ساری
افسانه آرش
در زمان پادشاه منوچهر پیشدادی و هنگام نبرد با تورانیان، افراسیاب سپاهیان ایران را در مازندران محاصره میکند. سرانجام منوچهر پیشنهاد سازش میدهد و تورانیان پیشنهاد آشتی را میپذیرند و توافق میکنند که یکی از پهلوانان ایرانی بر فراز بلندترین قله رشته کوه البرز یعنی کوه دماوند برود و تیری بیندازد و جای فروافتادن آن تیر، مرز ایران و توران شناخته شود.
در میان لشکریان ایران کسی جرات اینکار را نداشت. آرش که یک پیک لشکری ساده بود پیامی را به سپاه توران برد. پادشاه توران برای کوچک کردن ایرانیان، خود آرش را برگزید و آرش ناچار به پذیرش این کار شد. از طرف دیگر در لشکر ایران همه بر آرش خرده میگرفتند که چرا این پیشنهاد را پذیرفتی و اینکه این کار مایه ننگ ایران خواهد شد.
آرشِ كمانگير از پهلوانان باستاني ايران بر فراز کوه دماوند رفت و تیر را در چله کمان گذاشت و پرتاب کرد. آرش معروف به کمانگیر، که تمام جان و توانش را برای پرتاب این تیر گذاشته بود، پس از این پرتاب از خستگی جان داد؛ پیکرش پاره پاره و در خاک ایران زمین پخش شد و روانش در تیر دمیده شد. تیر از بامداد تا شامگاه پرواز کرده و در کنار رود جیحون یا آمودریا بر درخت گردویی فرود آمد، که آنجا مرز میان ایران و توران خوانده شد. بر پایه برخی باور ها زمانی که تیر و کمان به آرش داده بودند به او گفته بودند که این تیر به فاصله بسیار دور پرواز خواهد کرد اما شخصی که تیری با آن تیر و کمان بیندازد خواهد مرد. با این همه آرش آماده از خودگذشتگی بود و آن تیر و کمان را گرفت. آرش اسطوره ای ایرانی از نمونههای بیهمتا در اسطورههای جهان است. او در ایران، نماد جانفشانی در راه میهن است.
محل پرتاب تیر
در منابع تاریخی آمدهاست آرش کمانگیرخداوندگار تیر شتابان به قله دماوند صعود و تیرش را از بالای این کوه پرتاب کرد.
تیرگان روزی که آرش مرز ایران و توران را مشخص کرد.
آیا آرش کمانگیر یک واقعیت تاریخی است یا یک نماد افسانه ای و اسطوره ای؟
چرا داستان آرش در شاهنامه نیامده است؟
آرش کمانگیر؛ افسانه یا واقعیت؟
آیا آرش کمانگیر واقعیت دارد؟
تیر آرش کمانگیر چند کیلومتر رفت؟
نقاشی آرش کمانگیر؟
نقالی داستان آرش کمانگیر؟
آرش کمانگیر که بود ؟
آرش کمانگیر؛ ساروی یا آملی؟
آرش کمانگیر ساروی بوده یا آملی؟
آرش کمانگیر که بود؟
آرش کمانگیر نام یکی از اسطورههای کهن ایرانی و همچنین نام شخصیت اصلی این اسطورهاست.
آرش معروف به کمانگیر، از پهلوانهای باستانی و اسطورهای ایران.
آرش کمانگیر یکی از اسطوره های تاریخی ایران باستان است.
گرامیداشت جشن تیرگان، روز" آرش کمانگیر".
لقب: کمانگیر; تیرانداز; شیواتیر _کماندار.
آرش کمانگیر.
آرَشِ کَمانگیر نام یکی از اسطورههای کهن ایرانی.
اسطوره آرش کمانگیر .
داستان آرش کمانگیر.
داستان آرش کمانگیر در شاهنامه.
کتاب آرش کمانگیر.
آرش کمانگیر در شاهنامه.
داستان آرش کمانگیر بررسی میشود
زندگی نامه آرش کمانگیر یکی از اساطیر ایرانی.
داستان اوستا اسطوره ی آرش کمانگیر است.
بیوگرافی آرش کمانگیر.
آرش کمانکش.
آرش کمانگیر یک شخصیت اسطورهای.
عکس آرش کمانگیر .
آرش کمانگیر شعر
اسطوره آرش کمانگیر.
آرشِ كمانگير از پهلوانان باستاني ايران.
اسطوره اي حماسه آرش،
آرش کمانگیرخداوندگار تیر شتابان .
قصه آرش کمانگیر.
منظومه آرش کمانگیر.
آرش کمانگیر : آرش+کمانگیر
غیبت آرش کمانگیر در شاهنامه.
آرش کمانگیر جنگاوری است از سپاه منوچهر.
آرش اسطوره ای ایرانی بود.
منظومه جاودان آرش کمانگیر.
تندیس آرش کمانگیر بزرگ،
>Heroic Archer Arash the Archer
Arash Kamangir or Arash Tirandaz
Arash the Archer, Āraš-e Kamāngīr
آرش تیرانداز جنگاوری از سپاه منوچهر یکی از اسطورههای کهن ایرانی
Damavand County is one of the most scenic and pleasant areas in Tehran Province. In this article, we’ll introduce its beautiful cities and the most notable tourist attractions around them.
